What is the primary function of ribosomes in a cell?
Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis by translating messenger RNA.
Which organelle is involved in cellular respiration?
The mitochondrion is known as the powerhouse of the cell because it produces ATP through cellular respiration.
What is the function of the plasma membrane?
The plasma membrane controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell.
Which macromolecule serves as the genetic material in most organisms?
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) stores genetic information in most living organisms.
Which type of RNA carries amino acids to the ribosome?
Transfer RNA (tRNA) delivers amino acids to the ribosome during translation.
Which cellular structure is found in plant cells but not in animal cells?
The cell wall provides rigidity and structure to plant cells but is not found in animal cells.
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Which process results in the formation of two identical daughter cells?
Mitosis is the process of cell division that results in two genetically identical daughter cells.
What is the role of enzymes in biological reactions?
Enzymes speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy.
Which part of the cell cycle involves DNA replication?
The S phase (synthesis phase) of interphase is when DNA is replicated.