What is the primary source of ground-level ozone, a major component of smog?
Ground-level ozone is primarily formed from nitrogen oxides (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by motor vehicles and industrial activities when they react with sunlight.
Which of the following is a common indoor air pollutant that can cause respiratory issues?
Carbon monoxide is a colorless, odorless gas that can accumulate indoors from faulty heating systems or combustion appliances, causing respiratory problems and other health issues.
What does the AQI (Air Quality Index) measure?
The AQI provides a standardized way to communicate the quality of air based on concentrations of pollutants like ozone, particulate matter, and nitrogen dioxide.
Which particulate matter (PM) size is most harmful to human health because it can penetrate deep into the lungs?
PM2.5 consists of fine particles with a diameter of 2.5 micrometers or less, which can penetrate deep into the lungs and even enter the bloodstream, causing serious health issues.
Which gas is primarily responsible for acid rain formation?
Sulfur dioxide (SO2) reacts with water vapor in the atmosphere to form sulfuric acid, which contributes to acid rain, impacting water bodies and ecosystems.