Which organelle is responsible for producing ATP in eukaryotic cells?
The mitochondrion is often called the powerhouse of the cell because it generates most of the cell's supply of ATP, used as a source of chemical energy.
What is the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?
The rough ER is studded with ribosomes and plays a central role in the synthesis of proteins, especially those that are secreted from the cell.
Which structure controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell?
The plasma membrane is selectively permeable and regulates the passage of substances, maintaining homeostasis.
Which organelle is found only in plant cells and is responsible for photosynthesis?
Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll and are the site of photosynthesis, converting solar energy into chemical energy.
What is the primary function of ribosomes?
Ribosomes are responsible for translating genetic information from mRNA to synthesize proteins.
What is the role of lysosomes in the cell?
Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes that break down waste materials and cellular debris.
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Which cellular component is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins?
The Golgi apparatus modifies and packages proteins and lipids for delivery to targeted destinations.
Which part of the cell contains genetic material?
The nucleus houses the cell’s DNA and is the control center for cellular activities.
What component of the cytoskeleton helps maintain cell shape and assists in movement?
Microtubules are part of the cytoskeleton and provide structural support and help in intracellular transport and cell division.